Blocked Drains: Common Causes and How to Clear Them

What causes blocked drains?

In kitchens, the main culprits are fat and grease that solidify in the pipes, food scraps, and coffee grounds. In bathrooms, it is usually hair combined with soap scum. Wet wipes, sanitary products, and cotton buds cause blockages further down the system - even products labelled ‘flushable’ do not break down well in pipes.

DIY fixes for minor blockages

For a slow-draining sink, try pouring boiling water down the drain first. If that does not work, use a plunger - block the overflow with a wet cloth to create better suction. A mixture of bicarbonate of soda and white vinegar can help dissolve grease buildup. Avoid chemical drain cleaners where possible as they can damage older pipes.

Clearing a blocked toilet

Use a toilet plunger (the type with a flange, not a flat cup). If that does not work, pour a bucket of warm water from waist height into the bowl - the force can shift minor blockages. Do not use a wire coat hanger or anything sharp as it can scratch the porcelain.

When to call a plumber

If the blockage keeps coming back, multiple drains are blocked at the same time, water is backing up from a manhole, or there is a bad smell from the drains, you need a professional. These signs suggest the blockage is deeper in the system and needs proper equipment to clear.

How to prevent blockages

• Use drain guards in sinks and showers to catch hair and food
• Never pour cooking fat or oil down the sink - let it cool and bin it
• Only flush toilet paper - nothing else
• Run hot water down the kitchen sink after washing up

These simple habits will prevent the vast majority of drain blockages.